个性化3D打印辅助手术治疗A型颅底凹陷症Individualized 3D printing-assisted surgical procedures for type A basilar invagination
刘杰;孟增东;谢旭华;雷云坤;孙先润;
摘要(Abstract)：
[目的]介绍个体化3D打印技术辅助治疗A型颅底凹陷症的技术。[方法] 2017年1月～2018年6月收治A型颅底凹陷症患者21例。对每例患者均行枕颈部CT扫描重建和CTA检查,利用mimics软件重建患者枕颈部3D模型,并对枢椎椎弓根螺钉进针点、进针角度、螺钉直径、长短进行个体化设计,3D打印机打印制作患者枕颈部1:1大小模型和螺钉导向模板,在3D模型及螺钉导向模板的指导下完成手术操作,术后复查枕颈部CT重建扫描,对置钉位置及临床疗效进行对比分析。[结果] 12例患者行前路口咽松解加后路枕颈减压固定融合,9例患者行单纯后路减压复位固定融合术。其中,18例患者均在术中模型、螺钉导板和C臂透视辅助下置入枢椎椎弓根螺钉,3例患者因枢椎椎弓根细小选择置入C3椎体椎弓根螺钉,术后复查枕颈部CT提示寰枢椎脱位完全复位,螺钉位置良好,无患者出现神经和椎动脉损伤,2例患者术后出现颈后伤口感染,清创联合敏感抗生素治疗后痊愈。术后平均随访(6.02±4.47)月,术后1、3、6个月JOA评分,寰齿前、后间隙,脊髓脑干角得到明显改善。[结论]术前个体化3D打印和枢椎弓根螺钉位置设计可以有效提高手术中置钉准确率,减少术中神经和椎动脉损伤的风险。
关键词(KeyWords)： 颅底凹陷症;寰枢椎脱位;3D打印;椎弓根螺钉
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 刘杰;孟增东;谢旭华;雷云坤;孙先润;
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参考文献(References)：
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