交锁髓内钉断钉与骨不连的力学研究及临床意义The Biomechanic Principle and Its Clinical Significance of Nail Broken and Nonunion with Locked Intramedullary Nailing
权毅,潘显明,王元山,张波,廖冬发,黄刚,马泽辉,邓少林,刘金标
摘要(Abstract):
目的:分析交锁髓内钉断钉和骨不连的力学机理,探讨其临床意义和预防方法。方法:将静力外带锁髓内钉远端的圆形锁孔改为长形锁孔,近端改为尾翼状,在粉碎、横断、斜型骨折模型上测量髓钉与锁钉间的剪力和骨折断端间的压力并与静力固定比较。临床随访、分析86例股骨和胫骨骨折静力交锁钉固定的相关并发症。结果:静力固定必然产生髓钉与锁钉间的剪力,其大小约等于正压力;改良交锁钉消除了髓钉与锁钉间剪力对骨折端的应力遮挡;86例中,骨延迟愈合、骨不愈合和断钉分别为7例(8.14%)、3例(3.49%)、2例(2.34%)。结论:骨不连是应力遮挡和血供障碍的必然结果;钉-钉间剪力、骨不连又是造成断钉的重要原因。预防方法是使用动力交锁内固定。
关键词(KeyWords): 交锁髓内钉;断钉;骨不连;生物力学;并发症
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 权毅,潘显明,王元山,张波,廖冬发,黄刚,马泽辉,邓少林,刘金标
Email:
DOI:
参考文献(References):
- [1] Benirchke SK,Melder I,Helney,et al. Closed interlocking nailing of femoral shaft fractures: assessmen of technical complication and functional outcomes by comparison of aprospective databse with retrospective review[J].J Orthop trauma, 1993, 7(12) : 118~122.
- [2] Butler MS,Brumback RJ,Ellison TS, et al. interlocing intramedullary nailing for ipsilateral of the femoral shaft and distal part of the femur[J]. J Bone Surg(Am), 1991, 73(10) : 1492~1502.
- [3] Wolinsky PR,McCarty E,Shyr Y, et al.Reamed intramedullary nailing of the femur:551 cases[J]. J Trauma,1999, 46: 392~399.
- [4] Lin J,Lin SJ, Chen PQ, et al.Stress analysis of the distal locking screws for femoral interlocking nailing [J].J Orthop Res,2001, 19:57~63.
- [5] Streeker W,Suger G, Kinzl L.Local complications of intramedullary nailing[J].Othopade, 1996, 25: 274~291.