桡骨头骨折合并肘内侧副韧带前束损伤的临床解剖和功能研究The clinical anatomic and functional study of radial head fracture with anterior bundle of medial collateral ligament injury
张磊;何平平;吕占辉;张克民;段晓东;高广庭;蔡长马;
摘要(Abstract):
[目的]解剖学观察肘内侧副韧带前束(anterior bundle of medial collateral ligament,AMCL)损伤发生的部位、性质;探讨桡骨头骨折合并AMCL损伤对肘关节功能的影响及一期手术修复韧带疗效评价。[方法]2008年1月~2012年10月收治的桡骨头骨折合并AMCL损伤患者44例,男23例,女21例;年龄20~70岁,平均43.8岁,均为急性闭合性损伤,按照Mason分型Ⅱ型15例、Ⅲ型15例、Ⅳ型14例。按照分层随机分配方法分为对照组24例(AMCL损伤保守治疗);观察组20例(AMCL损伤手术治疗)。对照组开放复位内固定桡骨头骨折后单纯行屈肘90°石膏托外固定3周;观察组一期手术行骨折开放复位内固定+修复AMCL损伤,术后屈肘90°石膏托外固定制动3周。对两组患者治疗前行肘关节外翻应力X线片及MRI检查,并评估治疗前后HSS评分、提携角、关节间隙及肘关节各屈曲角度下偏离角度水平。[结果]全部病例获得随访,随访时间12~26个月,平均20.4个月。本研究中韧带损伤手术修复组20例患者,AMCL自内上髁止点撕脱15例(75%)、体部断裂4例(20%)、冠突止点断裂1例(5%),其中AMCL自内上髁止点撕脱和体部断裂者占95%。两组患者治疗前肘关节外翻应力X线片内侧关节间隙、提携角比较、MRI冠状位SE序列T2加权像高信号率比较,差异均无统计学意义;两组患者末次随访肘关节外翻应力X线片内侧关节间隙、提携角、肘关节各屈曲角度下偏离角度水平比较,差异有统计学意义;两组患者治疗前肘关节HSS评分比较,差异无统计学意义,末次随访HSS评分比较,差异有统计学意义。[结论](1)桡骨头骨折合并AMCL断裂部位多在肱骨内上髁附着处和体部,多为撕脱伤,可直接修复;(2)桡骨头骨折合并AMCL损伤可明显影响肘关节功能及稳定性。(3)AMCL损伤一期手术修复后可有效改善肘关节功能及稳定性。
关键词(KeyWords): 肘关节;桡骨头骨折;内侧副韧带前束;功能
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 张磊;何平平;吕占辉;张克民;段晓东;高广庭;蔡长马;
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参考文献(References):
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