弹性髓内钉在儿童长骨干骺交界区骨折中的治疗体会Elastic stable intramedullary nailing for fracture locating at borderline between diaphysis and metaphysis of long bone in children
徐蕴岚;沈恺颖;王志刚;
摘要(Abstract):
[目的]介绍弹性髓内钉治疗儿童长骨干与干骺端交界部位的骨折,并对手术疗效进行初步评价。[方法]回顾2008年7月~2014年6月,61例儿童长骨干与干骺端交界区移位骨折(根据AO关于儿童长骨骨折定位和分型系统),采用闭合复位(手法复位或钢针撬拨复位),弹性髓内钉内固定,辅以石膏外固定治疗。病例纳入标准:骨折线横形或小斜形,保守治疗失败,X线片上至少一个方位骨折移位大于该处骨骼横径的60%。[结果]平均手术年龄6.6岁,平均体重28.5 kg。骨折部位:肱骨近端14例,尺桡骨远端23例,股骨近端8例,胫腓骨远端16例,骨折线中点至骺板距离平均为3.6 cm(2.2~5.9 cm)。弹性钉直径2~3.5 mm,1例股骨近端骨折和2例胫骨远端骨折由于内固定稳定性需要,使用3枚弹性钉固定。平均手术时间(42.9±18)min,术中失血量(21±16)ml,住院时间为(3.2±2.1)d。术后X线片显示骨折平均成角(2.9±2.5)°,平均对位(92±7.4)%。术后平均随访23个月(12~45)个月。平均临床愈合时间上肢骨折为3.9周,下肢骨折为7.6周。平均术后5.6个月(3~18个月)取出弹性钉,所有病例骨折临近关节达到满幅活动。7例(11%)出现并发症,包括2例钉尾激惹;2例骨折复位不完全,分别残留8°、9°成角;2例下肢过度生长0.7、1.0 cm;1例骨折慢连接。[结论]闭合复位,弹性髓内钉内固定治疗儿童长骨干骺交界区横行或小斜形骨折,微创,安全有效,无伤口及深部组织感染,骨折愈合快,再骨折率低,并发症少。
关键词(KeyWords): 弹性髓内钉;长骨干;干骺端;骨折;儿童
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 徐蕴岚;沈恺颖;王志刚;
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DOI:
参考文献(References):
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