严重脊柱角状后凸畸形矫形策略及并发症分析Vertebral column resection for severe kyphosis and related complications
卢雨征;王志华;郭立民;舒钧;
摘要(Abstract)：
[目的]探讨经后路治疗严重脊柱后凸畸形的矫形策略及并发症。[方法]2007年3月~2015年6月,采用经后路顶椎切除、前柱支撑植骨、矫形固定手术(顶椎切除+重建术)治疗严重脊柱后凸畸形28例,男18例,女10例;年龄8~56岁,平均24.6岁。病程21~38个月,平均25个月。颈胸椎7例,胸椎10例,胸腰椎4例,腰椎5例,腰骶椎2例。先天性15例,结核10例,翻修3例。术前Cobb角80°~135°,平均103°;术前Frankel分级:B级4例,C级11例,D级13例。术后及末次随访时测量后凸Cobb角。[结果]所有手术顺利完成。手术平均时间250 min。术中出血量850 ml~3 000 ml,平均1 430 ml。2个椎体切除8例,3个椎体切除11例,4个椎体切除6例,5个椎体切除3例。2例硬脊膜锐性撕裂,予以修复,已痊愈。术中唤醒试验发现:4例出现脊髓功能损伤加重情况,予静滴甲基强的松龙0.4 g~0.5 g处理后,术后2~4周脊髓功能逐渐恢复至术前。手术早期并发症:腹壁疼痛11例,术后早期痉挛性抽搐2例,伤口感染1例,脑积液漏1例,呼吸功能不全1例,无尿潴留、腹胀、十二指肠上动脉综合征。25例患者获术后随访,随访时间2~72个月,平均16个月。均无断钉、断棒等现象。患者症状及外形均明显改善。后凸Cobb角由术前(103.14±12.27)°(80°~135°)矫正至术后2周(31.28±8.13)°(12°~43°),矫正率69.67%,末次随访(34.84±9.04)°(13°~53°),矫正率为66.22%,矫正丢失率为11.38%。术后2周与末次随访的后凸Cobb角与术前相比,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后2周Frankel分级B级1例,C级11例,D级13例,E级3例。末次随访D级2例,E级23例。与术前相比frankle分级均有改善,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。所有病例均达到骨性融合。融合时间6~8个月,平均7个月。[结论]采用经后路顶椎切除、前柱支撑植骨、矫形固定手术(顶椎切除+重建术)治疗严重脊柱后凸畸形可取得较好效果。
关键词(KeyWords)： 脊柱后凸;截骨术;并发症
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 卢雨征;王志华;郭立民;舒钧;
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DOI:
参考文献(References)：
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